Medicare Planning
1. Know When to Enroll
Initial Enrollment Period (IEP): Starts 3 months before your 65th birthday, includes your birthday month, and continues for 3 months after (7 months total).
If you’re already receiving Social Security benefits, you’ll be enrolled automatically.
Missing your enrollment window could mean penalties (especially for Part B and Part D).
unless you have “credible coverage” that is as good as medicare offers through an employer.
2. Understand the Parts of Medicare
Part A: Hospital insurance (usually premium-free).
Part B: Medical insurance (doctor visits, outpatient care — monthly premium required).
Part C (Medicare Advantage): All-in-one private plan that bundles A, B, often D, and extra benefits.
Part D: Prescription drug coverage (standalone or inside Part C).
3. Decide Between Original Medicare, Medicare Advantage or Medicare Supplement
Original Medicare (Parts A & B):
See any provider who accepts Medicare nationwide.
Doesn’t include drug coverage unless you add Part D.
Doesn’t include hearing, vision, dental
Consider adding a Medigap (Supplemental) policy to help with out-of-pocket costs.
Medicare Advantage (Part C):
Often includes drug coverage and extras like dental, vision, hearing, fitness.
Typically uses networks (HMO/PPO) for care.
Annual out-of-pocket maximum (protection from unlimited costs).
Medicare Supplement (secondary) - Original Medicare remains primary
No doctor network as long as the doctor accepts Orginal Medicare
Has a monthly premium that increases each year
Drug coverage is not included and you need a stand along prescription drug plan to pair with it.
If medicare doesn’t coverage it, then it’s unlikely the supplement will either.
Doesn’t include hearing, vision, dental.
4. Check Prescription Coverage
List current medications and compare Part D or Advantage plan formularies.
Drug coverage is where costs can vary the most — choosing wisely can save thousands.
5. Factor in Costs Beyond Premiums
Look at deductibles, copays, coinsurance, and yearly out-of-pocket limits, not just the monthly premium.
Budget for supplemental coverage (Medigap or Advantage plan extras).